Shock-absorber



J. P. GOERGEN AND1. G. RUESCH. Y

SHOCK Asofiia.

APPLSCAHN HLED 00119. |91?.

1,368,429. Patented Feb. 15, 1921.

UNITED STATES PAlfENT OFFICE..

JOHN P. GOEEGEN AND JACOB G. RUEBUE, F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

SHOCK-WEBER.

To all whom it 'may concern.:

Be it known that we, JOHN P. Gonnenn and J Aeon G. Rensen, citizens of the States, residing at Milwaukee in the cougy of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, h", e invented certain new and useful Im roiments in Shock-'Absorbers, of which t e inoll the axle clip lowing is a specification, reference being had t0 the accompanying drawing, forming a. prart thereof.

his invention relates to shock absorbers and the object of the invention is to im.-

rove the construction et shock absorbers 1n the manner to be hereinafter' described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings which eccom- Eany this Specification and form a. part ereof, which drawings illustrate an embodiment of this invention, and on which drawings the same reference characters aref' used to deeignate the same parts wherever they. may appear in each of fthe several views, Figure 1 is a. vertical, transverse seetion of the shock absorber and parte of nn automobile to which it is applied; Fig. 2 is a. horizontal section, on nn enlarged scale, on the line 2-2 on Fin. 1, looking in the direction indicated by t e arrows; sind Fig. 3 is a vertical section, on en enlarged seele. of aart of the apparatus.

Re erri to the drawings, the reference numeral 1 esignates n frame member of nn automobile, 2 one of the gprings, 3 shncklee connecting the spring and frame member. Li an axle, 5 an axle clip, and G n. spring bolt. A bracket 7 is scoured to the frame mcrnlwr 1 and a. bracket 8 is secured to the springr 2 and axle 4. For simplicity of consti-nvtion and as a matter of convenience in nesembling, the bracket 8 may be wcurwl to 5 by the spring bolt G. 'l'lic bracket 7 is preferably located directly above the bracket 8. A cylinder l) is hung: from the bracket 7 and e piston rod l() is fastened at one end to the bracket H. The cvlinder 9 and the piston rml 1U nrc connect ed with the brackets T :tml ii by bolts ll :in'l 12 which. are placed substantially nt right angles with each other nml omJ nl which preferably extends substantially nt right angles with the :axle 4. This construction makes :L suitnble connue-tion between ilu frame member 'l :ind the axle 4 lo prevent the pieton rod l) from bindingr in the vcilinA ler heed. The bolts l1 :mfl l2 :Intl the luge through which they are shown :is passing #pagination of Letters Intent.

Patented Feb. 15, 1921.

are not closely fitted so the piston rod 10 not bind or create excessive friction Vwhen the axle 4 moves with respect to the fmmemember 1. The piston rod 10 is Secured to the piston 13 which is packed in any suiteble manner as, for example; by the piston :rings 14. The piston 13 is rovided with an aperture 15 for the pipe The pipe 16 is referably of such le that 1t extends rom one cylinder head 1 t0 the other cylinder head 18 so that.` it 'may be firmly clamped between the cylinder heads. The pipe 16 is rovided with apertures 19 and 20 above nn below the iston 13 sothat air can piss by the piston Prom one end of the cylinder to the other end of the cylinder through a restricted pas-3a Way so that movements of the [piston wi be resisted by the air com resse between the iston and the henri o: the cylinder toward which it moves in n well-known manner. The a erturcs 19 and 9.() nre preferably locateV at some distance from the ends of the ipe 16 to provide nir cushioning spaces in t e ends ef the Cylinder to offer more resistance to movements of the piston than is afforded by the restricted passageway heretofore referred to. pipe 2l is' innerlcd within the pipe 1G leaving a Space Q2 for the nir to pass from :aperture 19 to aperture 2U or vire versn, The ends of space 22 muy liv closed. nnfl preferably are closed, by fer ruine 23 nml which also serve to posiiln pipe '.l within pipe lli :mtl to strengthen th(l ends of the pipes. These ieri-nies nim' lie solder-wl, or otherwise .scc-Lived to the cnil# of the pipes als it is preferred to have the ioints air tight. The pipe 2l may lio placed 1n fommnnirntion with the ends of the cyl iinler mi ripples-itc sillon of the piston lil in :my suitable manner. The drawings illus time notches "5 nml 26 cut through the pipes mul l'esrnles. The lower notch 2li is placed leigh enough so that n pool oiflubri cunt will remain iu the lower end of the cylinrlcr in mntuct with the pieton rofl lo lnlir'n-ntc the wann*- .X plug 2T closes the lmrel cnil uf the pipo 2l to milko an nir iight joint nnfl :in npwulllly opening rhin-k vulve. rmnpoeeil of the pcrfornte'l plug in nml the lmll 29. is loiatril in the pipe il :ilu-ire the notch :'l. The notch .25 should liv small enough to prevent the pnwngro of the bell 12? therethrough. in cnseihe linll slifmlll liv thrown to the top of the tube 2l bj.' u sudden dowi'iwnrd movement of the lill iston. Thel hall Q9 should he of suflieiently ew diameter than he pipi` l to allow lubricant to pass it. The piston rod lll is parked by parking tlf) and thil folhnver Ill, and is further packed or sealed hy the pool of lubricant 3Q. The piston lli is also sealed hy a pool of hihi-inout Ili allowI the saine. Lubricant, preferably oil, is introdured into the` cylinder through an a )ertnrv 2H which can he closed hy :i srreu'tinemled plug 215. The cylinder is provided with an air inlet valve 36 and un air outlet valve. or relief valve, 3T. These valves are illustrated hy the drawings us composed of ysrrewtlireaded cages provided with halls, springs and screwthreaded plugs. The tension of the s rings can he regulated hy the srrewtireaded plugs. The `funrtion of the relief Valve 3T is to allow air to esrape from the, cylinder, :1l-'ter the piston has reached and covered the a ierture lf! in the pipe I6. and prevent tu' shook whirl! would result from the air being: compressed highly in the end of the ovludor. If some of the compressed air is allowed to esi-ape, the pressure is diminished and the rebound of tho piston on its return stroke is not so violent. The funrtion of thtl air inlet valve 3G is to allow air to enter the cylinder to replace air whit-h has i-sffupod so that normally the Cylinder will he full of air at suhstantially atmospheric presslue.

The operation of the shock absorber is as follows: Uil is poured into the cylinder through the aperture Si and the plug 35 re placed. The relief valve 3T adjusted to relieve excessive air pressure according to the construction und weight of the automobile. The oil will Forni u pool on top of the piston 13 and wiil lubrioate the cylinder und piston as the ston moves within the cylinder and will torm a seal to prevent air passing between the piston and the cylinder. when thv piston moves in either direction, the air compressed by the pis-ton cnn escape through the apertures i9 and :20 and the space :222 to the end of the rvlinder from which the piston is moving. his escape is restricted so that thit movements of the piston are cushioned. when the movement of the piston is so great that it rovers either aperture 19 or aperture 2U in the pipe V1G, the air which has heen Compressed ran no longer est-ape to the opposite side of the pis-- Ion through the apertures i9 and 20 and space .22 and excessive shorks would he experienced. due to the high compression of the uil', if it were not for the relief valve 3'? and the hall 2) in pipe 2l. There are two principal shovks 1.o he absorbed. Une. is duo to the raising of the axle when running over an obstruetion, for example. The other is (lue to the lowering of the axle. after it has been raised. hlv tht` tension of spring :L When the piston 13 is raised so as to cover the aperture 19 inthe pipe 16,the com ressed air cannot pass to the lower side of t le pisx ton and they shook is resisted by thel conm.

pressed air. The element of time enters into the transmission of Shocks and the relief valve il? openss when the pressure is sufficiently high, so that the pressure is gradually reduced before the pressure of the oompressed air has time to lift, or shock, the vehiele to any substantial extent. "hen the piston moves down so as to cover the aperture 2U in pipe lo', the air can escape gradually from beneath the piston to the upper part of the cylinder through the notches 26 and 25 and pipe 21. lVhcn the air pressure in the lower part of the cylinder is lowered sullioiently, the. air inlet valve 36 opens and allows air to flow into the cylinder. In this way the cylinder is kept full of air at sub stantially atmospheric pressure and the creation of a vacuum by an u )ward movement of the piston is avoided. Vhen the piston rises high enough, oil will How from above the piston through the aperture 19 int-o the spaoe 22 and overflow through the aperture 20 into the bottom of the cylinder. lVhen the piston moves down sufficiently, oil will be pumped or forced from the bottom of the cylinder through notches 26 and 25 und pipe 21 to the upper part of the cylinder to maintain an oil pool and seul on top of the piston. The lower notch 26 is placed high enough so that. a pool of oil wlll al Ways he left to lubrioate the piston rod and Imaintain a seal around the )iston rod and the air inlet valve Any rind of a. suitahle bushing or packing 3S can be interposed between the piston 13 and the pipe 16.

What is claimed is:

1. In a shook absorber, the combination with an upright cylinder provided with cylinder heads, of a piston and piston rod, the piston being provided with un aperture, a pipe paesing through said aperture and clamped between the piston heads and provided with apertures to permit air to Ypass from one side of the piston to the op osite side thereof. a second pipe located insi e the first mentioned pipe and provided with an upwardly opening check valve and communicating with the upper and lower parts of the cyiinder, a relief valve in the up er part of the Cylinder and an air inlet, va ve. in the lower part of the cylinder, the com munir-ation between the second mentioned pipe and the lower part of the cylinder being below the cheek valve and high enough to permit a pool of lubricant to remain in the. lower part of theI cylinder to seal andluhrieate the piston rod and to seal the air inlet valve.

2. In a shock absorber, the combination with a cylinder and piston,` the cylinder being provided with a restricted passageway for permitting air to pass from either side of the piston to the oposte side thereof' during a part of its stro e only in either drection, und means for. relieving excessive air pressures generated in either end of the cylinder as the piston approaches the ends of the cylinder.

3. In a shock absorber, the combination with a cylinder and piston, the cylinder being provided with a restricted passageway 10 for permitting air to pass from either side Aposte side thereof when the piston is mov- 1n in one direction.

n witness whereof we hereto aiix our signatures.

JOHN P. GOERGEN. JACOB G. RUESCH. 

